In classical electromagnetism, polarization density (or electric polarization, or simply polarization) is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced electric dipole moments in a dielectric material.
Formula:
P = ฯต0 ยท ฯ ยท E
where,ฯต0 = electric constant [ 8.854187817e-12 Fm-1 ]
ฯ = Electric susceptibility of the medium ( indicates the degree of polarization of a dielectric material in response to an applied electric field)
E = Electric field (V/m)
P = Polarization density