Understanding the pH scale is crucial in chemistry. Use our free online pH calculator to quickly determine the pH of a solution from its hydronium ion concentration [H⁺] or hydroxide ion concentration [OH⁻]. Simplify your chemical calculations instantly for strong acids and bases.
Formula:
Our pH calculator uses the following fundamental formulas for strong acids and bases, based on the molar concentration of H⁺ or OH⁻ ions:
- For strong acids (given [H⁺]): pH = -log₁₀[H⁺]
- For strong bases (given [OH⁻]): First, calculate pOH = -log₁₀[OH⁻]. Then, calculate pH = 14 - pOH.
Where:
- pH: Potential of hydrogen, a numerical scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.
- [H⁺]: Molar concentration of hydronium ions (moles/liter).
- [OH⁻]: Molar concentration of hydroxide ions (moles/liter).
- log₁₀: Logarithm to the base 10.