Efficiently calculate parallel wire impedance, inductance, capacitance, and propagation delay for transmission lines. Our online calculator helps RF engineers, electrical designers, and students quickly analyze signal integrity and optimize circuit performance. Get accurate results instantly for your designs.
Formula:
Key Formulas:
- Inductance (L) per unit length: L = (μ₀ / π) × arccosh(D/d)
Where:
- μ₀ = Permeability of free space (approximately 4π × 10⁻⁷ H/m)
- D = Center-to-center distance between wires
- d = Diameter of each wire
- arccosh(x) = ln(x + √(x² - 1))
- Capacitance (C) per unit length: C = (π × ε₀ × εᵣ) / arccosh(D/d)
Where:
- ε₀ = Permittivity of free space (approximately 8.854 × 10⁻¹² F/m)
- εᵣ = Relative permittivity (dielectric constant) of the insulating material
- Characteristic Impedance (Z₀): Z₀ = √(L / C)
Where:
- L = Inductance per unit length
- C = Capacitance per unit length
- Propagation Delay (tpd) per unit length: tpd = √εᵣ / c
Where:
- c = Speed of light in vacuum (approximately 2.998 × 10⁸ m/s)